Transplantation is the transfer (implantation) of human cells, tissues or organs from a donor to a recipient. The purpose is to restore the function of the body. When transplanting between different species, such as humans, this animal is called xenotransplantation.
Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which organs are removed from a body and placed in the recipient's body to replace damaged or missing organs. The donor and recipient can be in the same location, or the organ can be transferred from the donor site to another location. Organs and / or tissues transplanted in the same person are called autotransplants. A recent transplant between two subjects of the same species is called allograft. Allogeneic transplantation can come from a living body or a dead body.
Type of transplant
1. Autotransplantation
Autotransplantation is the transplantation of tissue to the same person. Sometimes this is done with excess tissue, tissue that can be regenerated, or tissue that is urgently needed elsewhere (eg, skin transplantation, CABG vein extraction, etc.). Sometimes autotransplantation is required to remove the tissue and then treat it before returning (for example, stem cell autotransplantation and storing blood before surgery). In rotational plastic surgery, the distal joint is used to replace the proximal joint. Usually, the knee joint is replaced with a foot or ankle joint. The person's foot was cut and twisted, the knee was removed, and the tibia was connected to the femur.
2. Allograft
Allogeneic transplantation is the transplantation of an organ or tissue between two genetically different members of the same species. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allogeneic transplants. Due to the genetic difference between the organ and the recipient, the recipient's immune system will recognize the organ as a foreign body and try to destroy it, resulting in rejection of the transplant. The risk of transplant rejection can be assessed by measuring Panel reactive antibody levels.
3. Allograft
A subset of allogeneic transplantation in which an organ or tissue is transplanted from a donor to a genetically identical recipient (eg identical twins). Allografts are different from other types of xenotransplants because allografts are anatomically identical, but they do not trigger an immune response.
4. Xenotransplantation and xenotransplantation
Transplantation of organs or tissues from one species to another is an example of heart valve transplantation in pigs, which is very common and successful. Another example is an attempt to transplant islet primates (fish to non-human primates) into the tissue of islets (ie, pancreas or island tissue). The latter research aims to pave the way for successful potential human use.
5. Domino transplant
In people with cystic fibrosis (CF), it is necessary to replace both lungs at the same time, which is technically easier to perform surgery, and the success rate of replacement of the donor's heart and lungs is higher. Since the original heart of the recipient is usually healthy, it can be transplanted to a second recipient who needs a heart transplant, thereby making the person with CF a living heart donor.
6. Incompatible with ABO transplantation
Because young children (usually under 12 months, but usually only 24 months old [16]) do not have a well-developed immune system, [17] therefore, they may receive organs from incompatible donor . This is called ABO incompatible (ABOi) porting. ABOi and ABO compatible (ABOc) recipients have roughly the same graft survival rate and people's mortality rate.
7. Transplantation of obese individuals
Until recently, people marked as obese have not been considered suitable candidates for kidney transplantation. In 2009, doctors at the University of Illinois Medical Center performed the first robotic kidney transplant among obese recipients and continued to transplant people with a body mass index (BMI) of more than 35 through robotic surgery.
Organs and organ transplantation
Chest
Heart (deceased only)
Lungs (deceased donations and life-related lung transplants)
Abdomen
Kidneys (dead and living)
Liver (deceased donors can donate the entire liver; while living donors, if the entire liver is needed, the donation of only one person cannot provide the entire liver)
Pancreas (only the donor is deceased; if the entire pancreas of a living person is removed, it can cause very severe diabetes)
Intestine (deceased donor and living donor; usually refers to the small intestine)
Stomach (deceased donor only)
Testicles [27] (Dead and Living)
Penis (deceased only)
If you want to know more details Click here
Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which organs are removed from a body and placed in the recipient's body to replace damaged or missing organs. The donor and recipient can be in the same location, or the organ can be transferred from the donor site to another location. Organs and / or tissues transplanted in the same person are called autotransplants. A recent transplant between two subjects of the same species is called allograft. Allogeneic transplantation can come from a living body or a dead body.
Type of transplant
1. Autotransplantation
Autotransplantation is the transplantation of tissue to the same person. Sometimes this is done with excess tissue, tissue that can be regenerated, or tissue that is urgently needed elsewhere (eg, skin transplantation, CABG vein extraction, etc.). Sometimes autotransplantation is required to remove the tissue and then treat it before returning (for example, stem cell autotransplantation and storing blood before surgery). In rotational plastic surgery, the distal joint is used to replace the proximal joint. Usually, the knee joint is replaced with a foot or ankle joint. The person's foot was cut and twisted, the knee was removed, and the tibia was connected to the femur.
2. Allograft
Allogeneic transplantation is the transplantation of an organ or tissue between two genetically different members of the same species. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allogeneic transplants. Due to the genetic difference between the organ and the recipient, the recipient's immune system will recognize the organ as a foreign body and try to destroy it, resulting in rejection of the transplant. The risk of transplant rejection can be assessed by measuring Panel reactive antibody levels.
3. Allograft
A subset of allogeneic transplantation in which an organ or tissue is transplanted from a donor to a genetically identical recipient (eg identical twins). Allografts are different from other types of xenotransplants because allografts are anatomically identical, but they do not trigger an immune response.
4. Xenotransplantation and xenotransplantation
Transplantation of organs or tissues from one species to another is an example of heart valve transplantation in pigs, which is very common and successful. Another example is an attempt to transplant islet primates (fish to non-human primates) into the tissue of islets (ie, pancreas or island tissue). The latter research aims to pave the way for successful potential human use.
5. Domino transplant
In people with cystic fibrosis (CF), it is necessary to replace both lungs at the same time, which is technically easier to perform surgery, and the success rate of replacement of the donor's heart and lungs is higher. Since the original heart of the recipient is usually healthy, it can be transplanted to a second recipient who needs a heart transplant, thereby making the person with CF a living heart donor.
6. Incompatible with ABO transplantation
Because young children (usually under 12 months, but usually only 24 months old [16]) do not have a well-developed immune system, [17] therefore, they may receive organs from incompatible donor . This is called ABO incompatible (ABOi) porting. ABOi and ABO compatible (ABOc) recipients have roughly the same graft survival rate and people's mortality rate.
7. Transplantation of obese individuals
Until recently, people marked as obese have not been considered suitable candidates for kidney transplantation. In 2009, doctors at the University of Illinois Medical Center performed the first robotic kidney transplant among obese recipients and continued to transplant people with a body mass index (BMI) of more than 35 through robotic surgery.
Organs and organ transplantation
Chest
Heart (deceased only)
Lungs (deceased donations and life-related lung transplants)
Abdomen
Kidneys (dead and living)
Liver (deceased donors can donate the entire liver; while living donors, if the entire liver is needed, the donation of only one person cannot provide the entire liver)
Pancreas (only the donor is deceased; if the entire pancreas of a living person is removed, it can cause very severe diabetes)
Intestine (deceased donor and living donor; usually refers to the small intestine)
Stomach (deceased donor only)
Testicles [27] (Dead and Living)
Penis (deceased only)
If you want to know more details Click here
No comments:
Post a Comment